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The following are the five core technologies for implementing the Internet of Things:
Sensory technology, radio frequency identification technology, two-dimensional code technology, micro-electromechanical system and GPS technology 1. Sensor technology Sensor technology together with computer technology and communication technology are called the three major technologies of information technology. From the viewpoint of bionics, if the computer is seen as the 'brain' that processes and identifies information, and the communication system as the 'nervous system' that conveys information, then the sensor is the 'sensory organ'. The miniature wireless sensor technology and the sensor network of this component are important technical means of the perception layer of the Internet of Things.
2. Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a wireless communication technology that identifies a specific target through radio signals and reads and writes related data. In China, RFID has been widely used in the fields of ID cards, electronic charging systems, and logistics management.
The RFID technology market has mature applications and low label cost. However, RFID generally does not have data acquisition functions. It is mostly used to identify items and store attributes, and is limited in metal and liquid environments. RFID technology belongs to the information gathering layer of the Internet of Things. technology.
3. Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)
Micro-electro-mechanical systems refer to micro-electro-mechanical systems that integrate micro-sensors, actuators, and signal processing and control circuits, interface circuits, communications, and power supplies, using a large-scale integrated circuit manufacturing process. MEMS technology belongs to the information gathering layer technology of the Internet of Things.
4. GPS Technology GPS technology, also known as the Global Positioning System, is a new generation of satellite navigation and positioning system with all-round real-time three-dimensional navigation and positioning capabilities of sea, land and air. As a mobile sensing technology, GPS is an important technology for the extension of the Internet of Things to the collection of mobile objects by mobile objects. It is also an important technology for logistics intelligence and intelligent transportation.
The core technology of information convergence layer: sensor network ad hoc network technology, LAN technology and wide area network technology 1. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology Wireless Sensor Network (Wireless Sensor Network, referred to as WSN) The basic function is to a series of spatially dispersed sensor units Through the self-organized wireless network connection, the collected data can be transmitted and summarized through the wireless network, so as to realize the coordinated monitoring of the physical or environmental conditions within the spatially dispersed range, and perform corresponding analysis and processing based on these information.
WSN technology penetrates the three levels of the Internet of Things and is an emerging technology that combines the three technologies of computing, communication, and sensors. It has the advantages of large scale, low cost, high density, flexible deployment, real-time acquisition, and all-weather work. It has a significant driving effect on other industries of the Internet of Things.
2. Wi-Fi
Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) is a wireless network structure based on access points (Access Point). At present, it has been deployed on a certain scale and is combined with sensors in some applications.
Wi-Fi technology belongs to the information aggregation layer technology of the Internet of Things.
3.GPRS
General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is a data service technology based on the GSM mobile communication network. The GPRS technology can make full use of the existing GSM network. Currently, it is widely used in many fields, and there are also some applications in the field of the Internet of Things. GPRS technology belongs to the information aggregation layer technology of the Internet of Things.
Core technology transmission layer: communication network, Internet, 3G network, GPRS network, radio and television network, NGB
1. Communication network A communication network is a system that uses switching equipment and transmission equipment to interconnect geographically dispersed user terminal equipments to realize communication and information exchange. The most basic form of communication is the establishment of a communication system between points and points, but this can not be called a communication network. Only many communication systems (transmission systems) can be called communication by combining switching systems in a certain topology. In other words, a switching system can enable any two end users in a certain area to connect with each other to form a communication network.
2.3G network 3G is the abbreviation of the3rdGeneration in English, referring to the third generation mobile communication technology. Compared with the first generation analog cell phone (1G) and the second generation GSM, CDMA and other digital mobile phones, the third generation mobile phone (3G) refers to a new generation mobile communication system that integrates wireless communication with multimedia communications such as the Internet.
3. GPRS network This is a wireless packet switching technology based on the GSM system, providing end-to-end, wide-area wireless IP connectivity. In general, GPRS is a high-speed data processing technology that transmits data to users in the form of 'packet'. Although GPRS is a transitional technology that evolved from the existing GSM network to third-generation mobile communications, it has significant advantages in many aspects.
4. Radio and TV Networks The radio and television network is generally responsible for the operation of cable TV network companies (Taiwan) throughout the country. It provides broadband services and TV service networks to users through HFC (Fiber + Coax Hybrid Network) networks. Broadband can be connected to computers through Cable Modem. The highest rate of theory to the household 38M, the actual speed depends on the network conditions.
5.NGB wide area network China Next Generation Broadcast and Television Network (NGB) is based on the results of cable television digitization and mobile multimedia broadcasting (CMMB) and is supported by the core technology of the independent and innovative 'high-performance bandwidth information network'. National conditions, three-network integration, wired-wireless, full-network next-generation broadcast television network.
Operational layer of core technology: expert system, cloud computing, API interface, customer management, GIS, ERP
1. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
ERP refers to a management platform that is based on information technology and adopts a systematic management concept to provide decision-making means for enterprise decision-makers and employees. ERP technology belongs to the information processing layer technology of the Internet of Things.
2. Expert System (ExperSystem)
An expert system is an intelligent computer program system that contains a large amount of knowledge and experience in a certain area of ​​experts, and can use the knowledge and experience of human experts to handle problems in the field.
It belongs to the information processing layer technology.
3. Cloud computing The concept of cloud computing was proposed by Google. This is a beautiful network application model. It refers to the delivery and use of IT infrastructure. It obtains the required resources through on-demand and easy-to-expand networks.
Application layer of core technology: vertical industry application, system integration, and resource packaging The application layer is mainly based on the characteristics of the industry, the use of Internet technologies, the development of various types of industry application solutions, the advantages of the Internet of Things and the industry's production and management, information technology The combination of management and organizational scheduling forms various types of IoT solutions and builds smart industrial applications.
For example, the transportation industry involves intelligent transportation technologies; the power industry uses smart grid technologies; and the logistics industry uses smart logistics technologies. The application of the industry must also involve system integration technologies, resource packaging technologies, and so on.
Analysis: Five core technologies for realizing the Internet of Things
From the definition of the Internet of Things and the role played by various technologies, the key core technology of the Internet of Things should be wireless sensor network (WSN) technology. The main reason is that: WSN technology runs through all three levels of the Internet of Things, and is the other level. The integrated application of technology has a prominent role in the development of the Internet of Things. The development of WSN technology can provide clearer directions for other levels of technology.