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Civil aircraft technology reserves are rare
Due to historical reasons, my national machine has invested very little in technology, and the technical reserve of civil aircraft is less. Pan Jiwu, the party secretary of the former Shanghai Airlines Group, said that especially after the civil aircraft in China has been stagnant for many years, the aircraft design parameters and fixed value accumulation are very few, the civil aircraft design capability is relatively weak, and the technical breakthrough requires a lot of cost. power.
Xi'an Aircraft Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. (referred to as Xifei), the First Aircraft Design and Research Institute, and the China Flight Test Design and Research Institute have jointly completed a piece of information, which made a detailed report on the development capability of China's aircraft at the beginning of this century. evaluation of. According to this information, the gap between China's aircraft design level and the international level is about 20 years. There are certain gaps in supersonic cruise technology, nozzle vector technology, high thrust-to-weight ratio technology and unmanned control technology. The comprehensive design capability is also low, the design practice experience is lacking, and the design specifications are backward. In terms of aircraft manufacturing technology, it is 10 to 20 years away from the world's aircraft manufacturing and processing base. For example, the numerical control efficiency is only 1/8 of that of Boeing.
Of course, compared with military aircraft, civil aircraft can also use international procurement methods to make up for technical gaps, such as aircraft engines, some airborne equipment, parts and materials, and China currently only has the ability to develop metal aircraft, composite materials. It can only be used on a small number of aircraft accessories, and the application on the main structure needs further pre-research. This is like Airbus and Boeing have been able to build houses with reinforced concrete. However, China only has a full set of methods for building houses with “Qin Brick Hanwaâ€, and now it is only learning to use reinforced concrete. Even worse, the composite materials used in airplanes still need to be imported in China, especially the aircraft composite materials widely used like T800 will not be produced in China.
Hard catching up
The technical difficulties faced by China in the development of large passenger aircraft are enormous. In the increasingly fierce aviation market, there are no technologically advanced and competitive aircraft, and even if they are produced, they cannot occupy the market. Under the background of Boeing and Airbus composite aircraft instead of metal aircraft, China has to develop large passenger aircraft. Only when it catches up, it will produce aircraft that compete with it. This requires more efforts from the technical staff.
At present, domestic aircraft experts have recognized this problem, and a group of experts have advanced the aircraft in advance. According to Feng Peide, deputy director of the Science and Technology Committee of China Aviation Industry First Group Corporation, there are now hundreds of millions of dollars invested in pre-research, including materials.
According to the reporter's understanding, the localized T300 aircraft composite materials are under development, and it is expected to be put into mass production soon to replace the currently imported T300. In the manufacturing process of composite materials, some major domestic aircraft factories are also speeding up the updating of equipment. For example, Xifei, the main equipment for the application of aircraft composites, has a maximum diameter of 3.5 meters and is now ready for a six-meter diameter autoclave.
"Frozen three feet, not a cold day", my national machine technology lags all over Europe and the United States in all directions, due to various factors, mainly three of them: First, due to the frequency of my national aircraft model development too Low, can not effectively accumulate a large amount of data; Second, because there is no relevant research institute since the civil aircraft production, the civil aircraft has not turned to research and development until now; the third is the low level of China's science and technology transformation productivity, compared with the European and American aviation industry, China's aviation enterprises have not yet become the main body of real science and technology to transform productivity, and the best model for the mechanism of science and technology to transform productivity has not yet formed.
China is now beginning to grasp the pre-research of aircraft composite materials, which is of course conducive to narrowing the gap with the world's advanced level. However, in the long run, we must fundamentally solve the gap in the technology of our national aircraft. We must start from three reasons for solving the long-term backwardness of China’s civil aircraft technology, that is, we must increase the frequency of civil aircraft development and establish a special The Civil Aircraft Research Institute and the best model for the aviation industry to establish a system of science and technology to transform productivity.
The weakness of domestic large aircraft is still a technical problem
Technical issues have always been the most basic problem in the development of large passenger aircraft in China. In recent years, although some key technologies have achieved breakthroughs, the development capability of large passenger aircraft is still a full-scale gap compared with the world's advanced level. Especially for Boeing and Airbus new models, large-scale adoption of composite materials, large passenger aircraft. The development capability has once again opened the way to the world's advanced level.