Blanking -> Forging -> Annealing (normalizing) -> Roughing -> Conditioning -> Semi-finishing -> Quenching -> Coarse grinding -> Low temperature aging -> Fine grinding. For example, the transmission shaft shown in the figure below consists of an outer circle, a shoulder, a thread and a thread relief groove, and a wheel overtravel groove. In the middle of the first gear, the end of the outer circle and the end of the shaft shoulder have higher position accuracy requirements on both ends of the journal, and the surface roughness Ra of the outer circle is 0.8-0.4 μm. In addition, the drive shaft and the general axis are important. Like parts, in order to obtain good comprehensive mechanical properties, quenching and tempering treatment is required. Shaft parts, for the optical axis or the difference in the diameter of the step shaft, the use of round steel as the billet; for the difference in diameter of the step shaft, using forging can save material and reduce machining time. Because the diameter of each outer diameter of the shaft is not very large, and the number is 2 pieces, the round steel with φ55 can be selected as the blank. Figure transmission shaft According to the precision requirements and mechanical performance requirements of the drive shaft, the processing sequence can be determined as follows: roughing-quenching and half-refining Due to the large machining allowance during roughing, large cutting forces, and low position accuracy requirements for each machining surface during roughing, the workpiece is clamped and mounted. For example, if the spindle hole of the lathe is small, the φ35 outer ring can only be clamped with a three-jaw self-centering chuck after the φ35 end of the roughing machine; when semi-finish cars are used, the position accuracy of each machining surface is guaranteed, and Grinding adopts a unified positioning reference, which reduces repetitive positioning errors and makes the grinding allowance even. To ensure the quality of grinding, it uses two top-mounted workpieces. The processing of the drive shaft is shown in the table below. Table Transmission shaft machining process No. Work type Processing diagram Processing content Tool or tool installation method 1 Under the material Feeding Φ55×245 2 car Gripping Φ55 outer circle: the car end surface is flat, drill the center hole Φ2.5; use the tailstock tip to hold the workpiece Coarse outer circle Φ52×202; Rough car Φ45, Φ40, Φ30 Each outer circle; Diameter retention 2mm Length stay 1mm Center drill Right knife Three-jaw self-centering chuck top notch 3 car Hold Φ47 outer circle: the other end of the car, ensure total length 240; drill center hole Φ2.5; rough Φ35 outer circle, diameter stay 2mm, length stay 1mm Center drill Right knife Three-jaw self-centering chuck 4 Heat treatment Conditioning 220~250HBS pliers 5 car Research Center Hole Quadrilateral tip Three-jaw self-centering chuck 6 car With clamp card B end: Finished car Φ50 cylindrical to size; Precision car Φ35 cylindrical to size; Grooving, guaranteed length 40; Chamfer Right knife Grooving knife Double top 7 car With clamp card A end: Precision car Φ45 cylindrical to size; Precision car M40 large diameter is Precision car Φ30 cylindrical to size; Cut three slots, respectively, to protect the length of 190,80 and 40; Chamfer three; Thread M40×1.5 Right knife Grooving knife Thread knife Double top 8 mill Cylindrical Grinder, Grinding Φ30, Φ45 Cylindrical Grinding wheel Double top 9 test
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Outer circle to size;
Shaft parts turning process
In order to carry out scientific management, in the production process, the contents of a reasonable process are often written into documents to guide production. This type of process document that specifies the manufacturing process and operation method for a product or component is called a process specification. A part can be manufactured using several different processing methods, but only one method is more reasonable under certain conditions. The processing route for general spindle components is: