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First, the flotation scheme
The copper sulfide nickel flotation scheme has two options of preferential flotation and mixed flotation. Since the nickel minerals which are suppressed after the preferential copper floating are not easily activated, and the recovery rate of nickel is low, the preferential flotation process is less used. Copper-nickel flotation scheme is more general, for many ores containing pyrrhotite nickel ore, nickel available magnetic separation of part of pyrrhotite flotation and then; or first floating chalcopyrite And nickel pentrite, and then floating nickel pyrrhotite, the nickel-containing pyrrhotite concentrate having low nickel content is recovered by water smelting.
Second, copper and nickel separation
The separation of copper and nickel mixed concentrates is all nickel-free float copper. Since nickel pyrite and nickel-containing pyrrhotite are easily oxidized, the agitation and aeration before the separation can enhance the inhibition effect.
The main methods for floating copper and nickel are lime method, lime + cyanide, lime + steam heating, lime + bisulfite, lime + YFA (xanthoc acid), lime + dextrin. It is more effective to use the lime + steam heating method for the difficult-to-separate mixed concentrate. Here are a few ways to do this:
(1) Lime + steam heating method: the slurry is added with lime and steam is introduced. Under the action of high temperature steam (60-70 ° C), the adsorption of the nickel sulfide surface collector is easy to fall off, and the Ni(OH) 2 hydrophilic film is rapidly formed. It is suppressed. At the same time, the temperature of the pulp can accelerate the oxidation of the surface of the nickel mineral and prevent the yellow medicine from adsorbing on its surface.
(2) Lime + cyanide method: Add lime to a small amount of sodium cyanide to inhibit pyrite and pyrrhotite. The role of lime is to desorb the xanthate adsorbed on the mineral surface; although sodium cyanide has an inhibitory effect on chalcopyrite, its buoyancy recovery is quite fast, while pentlandite and pyrrhotite are permanently inhibited by cyanide. Therefore, a higher copper recovery rate can still be obtained.
(3) Lime + YFA (Flavulinic acid): The two agents of lime and YFA are mixed, and the calcium ions adsorbed on the surface of the nickel pyrite interact with the YFA anion to form calcium fulvate, which enhances the inhibition of the pentlandite. . At the same time, the selection of Z-200 as a collector of scutellaria is an important factor.
(4) Lime + dextrin method. The inhibition sequence is to first inhibit the nickel-containing pyrrhotite and then inhibit the pentlandite. This method has achieved significant sorting results in the application of the Thompson plant in Canada and the Zallanti plant in Finland.
Third, copper sulfide nickel ore flotation example
Ore is a nickel, copper-based metal sulfide large deposit. The main metal minerals are pentlandite and chalcopyrite, followed by pyrite and pyrrhotite. The gangue is mainly serpentine and pyroxene, followed by carbonate and mica . Useful minerals are unevenly embedded and densely symbiotic.
The ore dressing plant adopts copper-nickel mixed flotation, and then uses copper flotation to separate copper and nickel, respectively, to obtain copper concentrate and nickel concentrate. The principle of its selection principle is shown in Figure 1. The final selection criteria are shown in Table 1. 
Figure 1 A copper-nickel ore selection principle process
Table 1 Final selection indicators 
Copper sulfide nickel ore flotation method
The treatment method of copper-copper- nickel ore depends on the grade of nickel in the ore, and the high-grade ore containing more than 3% of nickel can be directly smelted; the low-grade nickel-poor ore is to be enriched by flotation, and the copper-nickel mixture is obtained. mine. There are two options for the treatment of copper-nickel mixed concentrate: one is to directly separate by flotation, and the copper concentrate and nickel concentrate are respectively obtained; on the other hand, the copper-nickel mixed concentrate is smelted to obtain copper-nickel bismuth, and then The copper concentrate and nickel concentrate were separated by treatment of large copper nickel sulfur by flotation.
element
Raw ore grade /%
Concentrate grade /%
Recovery rate/%
copper
nickel
0.40
0.65
26.50
5.84
65.30
90.60