Li Kang: China's commercial vehicle's low-carbon road should start from the engine

To establish open, authoritative, and influential communication platforms among global auto industry leaders, senior Chinese government officials, and industry elites to guide the healthy and sustainable development of the global automotive industry. The China Association of Automobile Manufacturers (CAAM) and the World Automobile Organization jointly organize The "OICA China Forum" was a global auto industry leader event. Li Kang, Deputy Chief Engineer of FAW Group and expert of the Expert Committee of China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, gave a keynote speech on the challenges facing the Chinese auto industry, the driving force of low carbonization of commercial vehicles, and ways of low carbonization.

Li Kang said that the energy supply problems faced by the Chinese auto industry will impose constraints on the development of China's auto industry. It is estimated that by 2020, China will have a total of 455 million tons of oil. China's current vehicle energy consumption accounts for about 30% of the total oil consumption. According to the current proportion of developed countries (about 50%), China will have 230 million tons of gasoline and diesel for the automotive industry by 2020. According to optimistic estimates, if China's auto industry produces 40 million vehicles per year in 2020, it will need to consume 450 million tons of gasoline and diesel, which is far higher than the energy that China can obtain in 2020. Energy will be a challenge facing the development of China's auto industry.

According to the energy supply, 2020, 230 million tons of gasoline and diesel can only support the scale of 12 million vehicles, if the time saved by 35% can be increased to 22 million. In Europe, CO2 emissions from road transport account for about 1/4 of the total, and passenger cars account for half of this 1/4. In China and Europe, the proportion of commercial vehicles in China is lower than in Europe. However, the proportion of commercial vehicles in the transportation sector is higher than that of passenger cars. This is related to the composition of China's energy structure and car ownership. In China, the decarbonization of commercial vehicles is even more important.

According to the Chinese government's commitment, the emission of unit GDP will fall by 40% to 45% by 2020. If 230 million tons of gasoline and diesel are converted to carbon dioxide emissions, this ratio will reach 8%. China has already formulated corresponding regulations for passenger cars, but there is no clear fuel consumption limit for commercial vehicles.

In Europe, larger commercial vehicle manufacturers such as Mercedes-Benz, Iveco, Volkswagen, and Volvo have issued a joint declaration. Their goal is to reduce the average fuel consumption of commercial vehicles in Europe by 20% compared to today. Li Kang believes that China's realization of low-carbon power comes from four aspects.

The first is consumer demand. Unlike commercial vehicles and passenger cars, fuel consumption is very important and sensitive to commercial vehicle users. The second is the government's guidance. The third is the company's strategy. The fourth is the powertrain technology. And other related technological advances.

He said that to achieve low carbonization, we must first start with the engine. In addition to the combustion system, the engine can also be equipped with advanced supercharging technology and variable supercharger. The energy of the exhaust gas can be recovered through the power turbine. The engine can also have friction reducing places inside.

Of course, each measure means an increase in cost, and the Chinese market is characterized by the user's sensitivity to the price of the car. Therefore, although the consumption reduction measures are also beneficial to users, when it comes to entering the market and how to enter the market, the choice of this time point is critical.

China has a vast territory. Natural conditions vary greatly from place to place. The operating conditions of automobiles, especially commercial vehicles, vary widely. Different road conditions require different vehicle matching. In terms of two typical conditions of plains and mountains, the experimental data shows that 71 tons of tractors use high-power engines and low-power engines in the plain areas, with little difference in fuel consumption. However, in mountain areas, the power consumption of high-power engines is significantly lower than that of small-power engines.

Li Kang said that during the “12th Five-Year Plan” period, China proposed a target of reducing consumption by 10%. FAW Liberation also proposed to reduce fuel consumption by 10%, and to master the goal of reducing fuel consumption by 20%. FAW's liberation is mainly about system optimization and matching in the traditional field.

Low-carbon and energy-saving is a challenge for China. Therefore, the low-carbon and energy-saving of commercial vehicles now needs to be implemented in all aspects including engine technology, accessory technology, complete vehicles, and user use.

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