An important breakthrough in the realization of agriculture by large-scale land consolidation

In Guangxi, the concentration of cultivated land has become an important starting point for the development of modern agriculture and has been well received by all parties. Similarly, Sichuan is also making a big fuss on the cultivated land, and the effect is obvious.

Where is the way out for agriculture? It is a realistic problem that China’s agricultural development has to answer now. In recent years, Sichuan, Guangxi and other hilly areas with arable land resources have re-interpreted the large-scale operation as an important breakthrough in the development of modern agriculture. In a few days of interviews, the reporters of the Journal of the Chinese Academy of Sciences heard the same voice: Only by large-scale operation, agriculture has a way out. The means of scale is the land remediation.

â–²Fuliang "double high" sugar cane base

The cultivated land is concentrated and the farmers are happy.

In China, land fragmentation has been criticized. To this end, all localities in the actual production process, according to local conditions, through the comprehensive remediation of fields, water, roads, forests, villages, work hard on land remediation.

“The long river is divided into fertile fields, and the rice dishes are fragrant and fragrant.” This sentence describes the rice-rice standardized production base in Miyi County, Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province. The base is located in the Qingsonglin Agricultural Park in Miyi County. It stands at the height of the agricultural park, and the base landscape is unobstructed. The square fields are placed on both sides of the Yangtze River and are very spectacular.

According to reports, this long river is flowing through the Anning River in Miyi County. As for the fertile land, it is the result of the rectification of the land in Miyi County for many years. As everyone knows, this 10,000-acre farmland was actually more than 2,000 small cultivated land before 2013.

Fan Shengtao, director of the Land Consolidation Center of the Miyi County Land and Resources Bureau, told the reporter of the Journal of the Chinese Academy of Sciences that the local area began to comprehensively renovate the cultivated land in the base from 2013, implementing land type adjustment, land leveling, water conservancy facilities, road support and other projects. Measures to make the land reach the standard of the field block, the channel and the road.

This is true when walking into the base for close-up viewing. The safe village of Qikou Town is at the core of Qingsonglin Agricultural Park. Wen Zhongping, director of the Safe Village, said that in the past, it was a floodplain that could not be filled and could not be discharged. Farmers could only plant some melons and green beans. , production and earnings are very low.

It is through the integration of several major agriculture-related projects that the safe village has implemented the land consolidation of 1550 mu of cultivated land in the Heba District, and has planned the infrastructure construction of the fields, roads and canals as well as advanced agricultural technology service facilities.

At present, the village is mainly based on safe villages, and the rice-crop rotation composite base of Yankou Town, Maipeng Village and Huitun Village has a scale of more than 10,000 mu. It grows rice in the spring season and grows vegetables in early spring. Up to 220 million yuan, per capita net income of 16,000 yuan." Wen Zhongping told the "Journal of the Chinese Academy of Sciences" reporter.

During the interview, Deng Xingping, a 52-year-old farmer from Safe Village, was in the process of taking care of his own tomato field. According to her introduction, her family of 6 people only has 5 mu of land, but it is still divided into more than a dozen pieces. "It is very troublesome to take care of." Deng Xingping told reporters that it is convenient to combine the cultivated land, and the important thing is that the income has increased.

Deng Xingping’s previous crops were very mixed, with an annual income of 30,000 to 40,000 yuan. But now, by joining cooperatives to plant rice and vegetables, “the annual income is 100,000 yuan.” Deng Xingping said happily.

The same situation occurred in Su Dajie, Lumei Village, Naman Town, Tianyang County, Baise City, Guangxi. In 2013, Tianyang County began to implement the land remediation project of Lumei District. The land of Su Dajie’s farmland is in the project area. The land rent after remediation is 1,300 yuan per mu per year. “It is higher than the income of corn planted before, and the rent per mu is still needed every year. Up 50 yuan." Su Sister introduced.

Su Dajie’s family has more than 4 acres of land. She rents more than 3 acres to agricultural enterprises, leaving 1 mu of rice for planting. She and the old fair often work for the company. The daily salary is 80 yuan per person. According to the calculation of 20 days per month and 6 months per year, her family has 5 people and 2 labors. The family's per capita annual income is only 4,000 yuan. .

"Now, farming at home is no worse than working outside, and it can take care of the elderly and children. It is not a mistake to raise chickens and raise ducks. The days are much better than before." Sister Sue said happily.

Scale makes technology useful

Whether in Sichuan or Guangxi, land concentration has become an important direction for the development of modern agriculture. Guangxi is China's largest sugar production base, with sugar production accounting for nearly 70% of the country. In 2014, Guangxi piloted the construction of a high-yield high-sugar sugar cane base (referred to as “double high”). According to Wen Bin, deputy director of the Land Remediation Center of the Guangxi Provincial Department of Land and Resources, land remediation has greatly boosted the construction of “double high” bases.

Nanning Sugar Co., Ltd. Dongjiang Sugar Factory is one of the operators of Fuliang “Shuanggao” sugar cane base. “Developing small blocks and large-scale land remediation and arable land leveling construction, improving the flatness and concentration of cultivated land, and benefiting sugar cane. Planting machine." Deputy Director Li Daocheng told the Journal of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Wen Bin believes that this kind of boost is reflected in many aspects. He concluded that there is a superposition effect on land remediation, which includes technological factors. When the vehicle is driving in the “Shuanggao” sugar cane demonstration base in Luobai Township, Jiangzhou District, Chongzuo City, you can see a variety of equipment with scientific and technological content.

Wei Jian, general manager of Guangxi Yixing Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Yixing Agriculture) told reporters that the base operates 6,000 mu of sugar cane in a contiguous manner. When planting, it adopts mechanical deep-plowing, deep-drip irrigation, soil testing and fertilizer, UAV sprays advanced technologies such as pests and diseases to achieve standardized planting.

In terms of management, the base has established an Internet water and fertilizer integrated intelligent drip irrigation system, which can monitor the operation of drip irrigation system, soil moisture information and sugarcane growth information in real time through video. “Management personnel can view system information anytime and anywhere through mobile phones, remotely operate related equipment, and achieve unattended automatic control of water irrigation,” Wei Jian said.

According to reports, a series of high-tech applications have achieved water-saving and fertilizer-saving, saving time and effort, intelligent control, and improving the comprehensive production of sugar cane in the base by more than 30%.

With the development of land scale, Yixing Agriculture and Guangxi Sugarcane Research Institute signed a strategic cooperation technology agreement for seedling breeding bases. Based on the technical support of Guangxi Sugarcane Research Institute, the company actively promoted the construction of sugarcane breeding bases and created “10,000 mu of sugar”. A series of new varieties of sugarcane varieties breeding base."

Wei Jian introduced that in 2016, Guangxi officially listed the base as a tertiary sugarcane breeding base, and the sugarcane breeding base in Jiangzhou achieved zero breakthrough.

At present, the base planted Guitang 46, Guitang 47, Guitang 49 and tissue culture seedlings. It is estimated that the seedlings will produce more than 6 tons per mu and will provide 24,000 tons of sugar cane varieties. “The base and the Guangxi Sugarcane Research Institute jointly developed the Guitang No.46 and No.47 tissue culture seedlings, which have been jointly reported related and scientific research projects.” Wei Jian told the Journal of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

In addition, the Yixing agricultural land with a slightly higher slope has combined the development of the sugar industry with goat farming. The total investment is planned to be 100 million yuan, and a breeding base with an annual output of 10,000 black goats will be built to form a breeding ground. Black goat breeding industrial chain such as black goat fattening farm and biological feed processing plant.

"Qulu mode" provides new ideas

In Guangxi, the whole district has set off a boom in the construction of “double high” bases. Fusui County in Chongzuo City is a traditional sugarcane planting county. It is known as the “hometown of sugarcane in China”. The annual sugarcane planting area is about 1.2 million mu. The sugar industry contributes about 45% to the county. 80% of it is also from sugar cane.

As a large-scale agricultural product and an important strategic material, sugar involves national security and affects the interests of tens of millions of people. However, in the past few years, the situation of sugarcane planting in Fusui County was not optimistic. Many deputy directors of the Bureau of Land and Resources of Chongzuo City expressed their joy to the reporters of the Journal of Chinese Sciences, one of which was that there was no large-scale, mechanized planting.

Driven by the local government and the village's capable people, the villagers of Daling Village, Quali Town, Fusui County spontaneously established the Qulu Modern Agricultural Professional Cooperative in August 2015 in Dalu Village. Hereinafter referred to as Qulu Cooperatives, it consists of 18 production teams of Qulu, and 453 households, with a land area of ​​3,500 mu.

On February 5, 2016, Qulu Cooperative held a dividend meeting. According to the base of 500 yuan/mu, the members of the shareholder were paid dividends. The members who entered the shares received dividends of 144.225 million yuan, allowing the villagers to truly taste the land share cooperation. The sweetness brought by the operation.

Subsequently, the villagers of Daling Village once again invested 8500 acres to build a 12,000-mu “cano-high” base for sugarcane. The reporter learned that the Qulu cooperatives implemented small and large blocks to achieve scale of operation, and at the same time established modern management facilities such as water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation systems. In the cooperative, there are also many large horsepower tractors and supporting agricultural machinery.

At the same time, Qulu Cooperatives adapt to changing market demands in accordance with a variety of business models. Wu Pingang, general manager of the Qulu Cooperative Management and Management Company, pointed out that the house under construction in the distance was introduced to the reporter of the Chinese Journal of Science and Technology. They have introduced a 500,000 laying hens project with an annual output of 30,000 tons of eggs, with a total investment of more than 60 million yuan. It is currently under construction.

Daling Village is a poor village. In 2016, there were 66 households with 200 households. In Wu Pingang's view, no matter which type of poverty-stricken households in the village are poor, as long as the land is handed over to the cooperatives, they can wait for dividends at the end of the year, "doing twice the result with half the effort and fundamentally solving the problem of poverty." Wu Pingang said.

For a time, the “dividends regardless of the land” model of the Qulu cooperatives caused widespread concern, also known as the “canal model”. Among them, the concern is that the cooperative organization mode breaks the ridge limit, solves the problem of land fragmentation, and promotes modern agriculture construction centered on “mechanization and water conservancy” through modern mechanical equipment and water-saving irrigation facilities.

"With rapid industrialization and urbanization, a large number of rural laborers go out to work, and the land is handed over to agricultural enterprises and cooperatives, which is a win-win choice." Li Hechao, member of the Party Committee of the Sichuan Provincial Land Consolidation Center.